![]() ![]() Of course, it helps to have a lot of language data to work with, not to mention time and money, and they do: all three engineers work at Google. ![]() For now, the process can be useful, they demonstrate, to help improve existing traditional machine translations (they proved this by finding multiple errors in an English-Czech dictionary). Interactive notebook to boost your English vocabulary. And relying on computers to "read" different languages and create dictionaries sort of ex nihilo doesn't seem foolproof, of course, especially when we're talking about (or talking in) languages from different families: Chinese and English have very different structures for instance, though the researchers contend that because their method "makes little assumption about the languages … it can be used to extend and refine dictionaries and translation tables for any language pairs."Ĭompared to existing methods of machine translation, which rely on some statistical analysis but primarily on human-compiled dictionaries, the technique is an impressive foray into a new kind of translation, one where, as with so much else, the meaning of content gives way to the form of data. You still need humans in the loop: to begin to understand how to transform these relationships from one language to another, they started with a small set of human-compiled definitions and translations. Throw in enough data to create better language maps (these are known as "vector spaces," as they're made up of vector lines) and math can do the rest, identifying more specific correspondences between your two maps and making an educated guess about the meaning of the words within. “Despite its simplicity, our method is surprisingly effective: we can achieve almost 90 percent precision for translation of words between English and Spanish,” write Tomas Mikolov, Quoc V. That's because statistically, they argue, these relationships are relatively similar across languages. Their theory goes like this: if you map the relationships between a word like "dog" and other related words-"animal," "pet," "bark,"-in two different languages, you are likely to create very similar looking maps. ![]() The textbooks have been created by a collective of authors made up of teachers and PhD students from the UP Faculties of Arts individual team leaders are university teachers with broad methodological and practical experience in teaching Czech to foreigners at both the university and national levels.Czech this out: Instead of using a dictionary to look up the meaning of a word in another language, three researchers have come up with a more complex yet more elegant method: figuring out how specific words relate to one another and using those relationships to essentially "reverse engineer" translation dictionaries. Pintarové Communicative Czech (Elementary Czech), kterou vydalo nakladatelství Karolinum v r. Kniha obsahuje cviení doplující uebnici I. An integral component of the textbooks and work with them are the expanded workbooks, especially the concept of original photographs which supplement the textbooks, along with training videos and audio recordings which are available on the interactive web pages of the Czech it UP project. Reková, Ivana: Comunicative Czech (elementary Czech - Workbook) Praha, Karolinum 2002, bro., 112 s., 2. The themes of the textbooks have been adapted from contemporary sociocultural topics. The first volume is intended to bring students up to the A1 level, and the following volumes brings students gradually up to the levels A2, B1, B2, and C1.Ĭzech it UP was inspired by the modern Oxford style of textbooks and has a “magazine” format in which each language theme is presented on two facing pages. The series comprises five textbooks, which follow the common European reference frame for language competence. The series comprises five textbooks, which follow the common European reference frame for language competence. A new series of textbooks for learning Czech for foreigners, which was created for contemporary needs and purposes of teaching Czech to foreigners in Czech, and not only at Palacký University Olomouc. A new series of textbooks for learning Czech for foreigners, which was created for contemporary needs and purposes of teaching Czech to foreigners in Czech, and not only at Palacký University Olomouc. ![]()
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